The earth offers various natural resources for human use, such as solar energy for solar panels and water for power generation. In addition to large-scale hydroelectric power plants, water can be harnessed for Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP).

MHPP helps provide sustainable electricity in areas with sufficient water sources. This article explores the use of Micro Hydro Power Plants in detail—read on for the full explanation!

What Is a Micro Hydro Power Plant?

A Micro Hydro Power Plant is a small-scale power plant that harnesses water sources to generate electricity, typically producing less than 100 kW.

These power plants are commonly found in rural villages near small rivers, waterfalls, or irrigation canals, helping to provide electricity in areas beyond the reach of conventional power grids.

Unlike large hydroelectric plants, MHPP does not require vast water sources, such as reservoirs or ocean waves.

Additionally, it is more cost-effective than extending conventional electricity lines since it utilizes natural resources. The power plant can also be integrated with fish ponds and rice field irrigation, making it a practical and sustainable energy solution for remote communities.

Why Use a Micro Hydro Power Plant?

Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) should cater to specific needs and local conditions. Indonesia has significant hydropower potential, estimated at around 75,000 MW. However, only about 2.5% of this potential has been utilized.

MHPP offers a practical solution for increasing water-based energy use, particularly in remote areas where conventional electricity is difficult to access. Some key advantages of MHPP include:

• Utilize abundant water sources.
• Reliable, environmentally friendly, and renewable technology.
• High energy efficiency, ranging from 70 to 85%.
• A renewable and pollution-free energy source.
• Low maintenance and operational costs.
• Support environmental conservation efforts.
• Generate up to 100 kW of electricity.

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How Micro Hydro Power Plants Work

Since MHPP relies on hydropower, its operating principles are similar to those of large-scale hydroelectric power plants.

However, MHPP systems are less complex, making some components differ. Here’s a breakdown of how an MHPP works:

1. Water Collection

The Micro Hydro Power Plant system first collects water from nearby sources, such as waterfalls, irrigation canals, or rivers. The water is then directed to the turbine through a penstock channel.

2. Water Moves the Turbine

As the water flows through the channel, it rotates the installed turbine. This motion generates mechanical energy, which is then used to drive the generator.

Common types of turbines in MHPP systems include Pelton, Turgo, high-head Francis, cross-flow, and propeller turbines.

3. Turbine Drives the Generator

The turbine’s mechanical energy is transferred to the generator, converting it into electricity.

Once electricity is generated, it can be distributed directly to homes through the local network or stored in batteries for later use.

Typically, electricity from an MHPP system is used for village lighting, household consumption, or small-scale industries and micro-businesses.

Building an MHPP requires several steps, including potential surveys, feasibility studies, technical planning, construction, system testing, and ongoing monitoring.

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Benefits of Micro Hydro Power Plants

As a type of hydroelectric power plant, Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) offer several advantages, particularly from economic, social, and environmental perspectives. Here is how MHPP can benefit the environment:

1. Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Micro Hydro Power Plants can lower greenhouse gas emissions by reducing reliance on fossil fuels. As we know, fossil fuels are major contributors to carbon emissions, which drive global warming and climate change.

Using MHPP can help communities mitigate carbon emissions and contribute to a cleaner environment.

2. Environmentally Friendly and Renewable Energy

MHPP is a sustainable energy source because it harnesses naturally replenished water resources. Unlike fossil fuels, which deplete over time, water can sustain power generation without harming the environment.

Since it does not rely on non-renewable energy sources, MHPP is an eco-friendly alternative for electricity generation.

3. Boosts the Local Economy

Developing Micro Hydro Power Plants in rural areas directly benefits local communities. It can create jobs in construction, operation, and maintenance. This provides economic opportunities and fosters skill development within the community.

Additionally, access to electricity enables villagers to expand businesses and engage in small-scale industries, further supporting local economic growth.

4. Expands Access to Electricity

Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) play a crucial role in expanding electricity access to remote villages and areas that conventional power grids cannot reach. By providing a reliable energy source, MHPP helps improve living standards and overall community well-being.

5. Ensures a Stable Energy Supply

Since MHPP relies on flowing water, it provides a stable and continuous energy supply as long as the water source remains available. Unlike fossil fuel-based electricity, which is subject to price fluctuations and supply shortages, hydro energy offers a consistent and dependable alternative.

This information highlights the importance of Micro Hydro Power Plants in supporting sustainable energy solutions and expanding electricity access in Indonesia. By utilizing MHPP, communities can benefit from clean, renewable energy while contributing to environmental conservation.

Besides MHPP, electrical energy can be generated from other renewable sources, such as solar power and natural gas. In line with this, Chandra Asri Group, through its subsidiary Krakatau Chandra Energi, provides solar panel installation services (solar power plants) and the provision of combined cycle power plant-based electricity.

The company’s combined cycle power plant system includes two Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs), two gas turbine generators, and one steam turbine generator. For renewable energy services, Krakatau Chandra Energi offers four types of solar panel installations: on-grid, off-grid, hybrid, and on-grid with a battery backup system.

MHPP and other renewable power sources are key solutions for reducing carbon emissions and promoting a cleaner environment. But as an individual, you can also contribute to environmental conservation!

One way to get involved is by joining Indonesia Asri! Together with other Warga Asri, you can take part in sustainability programs and participate in exciting challenges like #SiPalingSustainable.

So, what are you waiting for? Make your contribution to environmental conservation today by signing up and becoming part of Indonesia Asri!

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